Everyone can use these general measures whether or not he has developed osteoporosis.
There can be increased bone loss with excessive running as some runners might be thin and they might need advice to avoid bone loss. The normal people who are not good athlete should not be worried. There can be healthy living with healthy bones. The bone strength can be increased by taking regular exercise. There can be reduced risks of high blood pressure, diabetes with exercise which has positive effect on the body. The weight bearing such as walking or aerobics can be very good exercise for preventing osteoporosis. You can keep yourself away from the orthopaedics by stopping smoking and other drugs.
Nuts and pulses like almonds, hazelnuts, sesame seeds are good sources of calcium. Dried fruits, green leafy vegetables, fish, tofu and other foods can be used as calcium sources. It is very important for the bones to have sufficient intake of calcium. There can be reduced risks of osteoporosis in children if they have good diet. The adults should take at least 800mg of calcium daily. There is 300mg of calcium in 250ml of cow’s milk or 150g of yogurt.
You can use calcium supplements which are available in several types. The calcium supplements with vitamin D can be used by the elderly people. You should discuss with your doctor before using any supplements.
The treatment of the osteoporosis depends on the conditions of individuals. You can find several types of treatments which are very effective.
The bone strength is protected due to oestrogen which can increase bone loss for few years. The elderly women can have osteoporosis due to menopause. The bone loss can be reduced due to hormone replacement therapy which can replace oestrogen.
There are many pros and cons of hormone replacement therapy which is very effective for osteoporosis if it is started due to menopause. There can be side effects of the long term use of HRT. Therefore it is important for women to consider individual circumstances with their doctor for the treatment. There can be risks of breast cancer, blood clots in veins, cancer of lining of the womb, and heart disease with the HRT. The symptoms of menopause can be reduced with HRT for preventing osteoporosis. The menopause can reduce the risk of bowel cancer.
You should also consider the issue of the time of treatment which depends on the conditions of the women for the use of HRT to prevent osteoporosis. The family and personal history is also important for the treatment. The women who are over 50 years should not use HRT for long term prevention osteoporosis. The women can have the option of HGRT for women over 50 for the treatment. The women with an early menopause can go for menopause.
The rate at which bones can be dissolved can be slowed by the group of medicines which can build up bone strength over time. Alendronic acid and disodium etidronate are two common types of biphosphonates which can be used by men and women who have developed osteoporosis. The women after menopause can use risedronate and ibandronic. The biphosphonates can be prepared differently but their action is same. The fractures of the hip and spine can be reduced with alendronic acid and risendronate. There can be side effects of diarrhea, abdominal pain and constipation with biphosphonates.
The osteoporosis in premenopausal can be treated with strontium ranelate which is given to women who cannot take biphosphonates. There can be decreased bone breakdown with it and there can also be reduced risks of spinal and hip fractures.
The selective oestrogen receptor modulator is the group of medicines which can be used for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The bone growth can be done with raloxifene like oestrogen but it has effect on the breast tissues and uterus. The long term oestrogen based on HRT can increase the risks of breast cancer. There can be increased risks of blood clots in veins in women with deep vein thrombosis. The women with menopause over five years can use it between 55 and 70 years.
There is no common use of these treatments as these are quite specialized.
There is hormone involvement in the regulation of bone turnover with Calcitonin which can be injected. The use of this medicine is done in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis when raloxifene, or strontium is unsuitable. The pain can be revealed with it but it has some side effects as well like allergic reactions.
There is vitamin D like compound Calcitriol use for menopause when osteoporosis is caused by the steroid drugs. There are conflicting results on the bone loss with the calcitriol but there can be reduced risks of spinal fractures but not hip fractures.
The osteoporosis in postmenopausal women can be treated with teriparatide through injection under the skin.